{"id":68,"date":"2023-11-23T08:47:09","date_gmt":"2023-11-23T08:47:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/?p=68"},"modified":"2023-11-23T08:47:09","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T08:47:09","slug":"the-lake-at-the-bottom-of-the-sea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/2023\/11\/23\/the-lake-at-the-bottom-of-the-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"THE LAKE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Mud recovered from the seafloor preserves clues of past climates and environments. In special cases, the dance of the seasons has been locked into the sediments, and scientists can then reconstruct the seasonal cycles of past climates. This type of sedimentary layers is called varves, and the layers deposited year after year can be counted like tree rings to establish chronologies, which will help us to reconstruct the duration of climatic change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the first week of the CYRTACI expedition, our research team was able to recover such archives in the Epidavros basin. Once on deck and opened, the finely layered sediments became the centre of much attention and raised our hopes onboard to get insight into seasonal climatic variations in the past.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The cores recovered in the Epidavros basin also tell a story of changing landscapes written in the sediment. Each layer of sediment is like a page in Earth\u2019s history book, every season depositing a new sediment layer, forming the chapters of a story that takes us back about 20,000 years. At this time, Northern Europe is covered with ice, sand is blowing in cold dry winds, and mammoths are roaming the land. On the northern shores of the Mediterranean Sea, the vegetation is scarce; steppe plants dominate the landscape with sporadic tree stands growing in refugia. The sea shore is further outboard compared to its present position due to the sea-level drop caused by formation of large ice caps at high latitudes. The water locked away as ice on land caused the sea level to be 120 m lower than today. In the Epidavros basin, a large salty lake has formed, receiving freshwater from local streams. It is in this brackish setting that the layered sediments have formed as alternating millimetre-thick light and dark layers. To produce and preserve this unique type of strata, several conditions need to be met. Firstly, the oxygen content of the water column needs to be low (anoxic), so that the sediment texture is not disturbed by living organisms. Secondly, there must be a contrast between the type of material deposited during the different seasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We are thrilled about the recovery of these special sediments \u2013 it\u2019s not every day that you sail at sea and uncover a laminated paleolake. The reconstruction of the climatic and environmental conditions of the region gives us a rare opportunity to put archaeological findings in the catchment area of the Epidavros Basin (such as at Klisoura Caves) into context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>DER SEE AM MEERESGRUND<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Vom Meeresboden geborgener Schlamm enth\u00e4lt Hinweise auf das vergangene Klima und fr\u00fchere Umweltbedingungen. In besonderen F\u00e4llen ist selbst der Wechsel der Jahreszeiten in den Sedimenten sichtbar. Sind diese Schichtungen saisonal, werden sie als Warven bezeichnet. Wir k\u00f6nnen sie wie Baumringe z\u00e4hlen und damit Chronologien erstellen, die uns helfen werden, die Geschwindigkeit der klimatischen Ver\u00e4nderungen zu rekonstruieren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In der ersten Woche konnte das CYRTACI-Forschungsteam solche Archive im Epidavros-Becken aus dem Meeresboden bergen. Kaum waren die Bohrkerne an Deck und ge\u00f6ffnet, standen diese fein-geschichteten Sedimente im Mittelpunkt, und alle hoffen jetzt daraus Erkenntnisse \u00fcber die jahreszeitlichen Klimaschwankungen der Vergangenheit gewinnen zu k\u00f6nnen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Die Bohrkerne aus dem Epidavros-Becken erz\u00e4hlen auch die Geschichte sich ver\u00e4ndernder Landschaften. Jede millimeterd\u00fcnne Sedimentlage ist wie eine Seite im Buch der Erdgeschichte, das hier etwa 20.000 Jahre in die Vergangenheit reicht. Damals ist Nordeuropa mit kilometerdickem Eis bedeckt, weiter s\u00fcdlich durchstreifen Mammuts das Land. An den n\u00f6rdlichen Ufern des Mittelmeers ist die Vegetation sp\u00e4rlich, Steppenpflanzen beherrschen die Landschaft. Nur in gesch\u00fctzten Refugien gibt es B\u00e4ume. Durch das Eis im Norden liegt der Meeresspiegel 120 m tiefer als heute, die K\u00fcste ist entsprechend tiefer und dadurch weit vor der heutigen K\u00fcstenlinie. Das Epidavros-Becken wurde so von der restlichen \u00c4g\u00e4is abgeschnitten, und es bildete sich ein gro\u00dfer Brackwassersee, in dem die \u00f6rtlichen Fl\u00fcsse m\u00fcndeten. In dieser speziellen Umgebung bildeten sich die geschichteten (laminierten) Sedimente als millimeterdicke, hell-dunkel gestreifte Ablagerungen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Um diese feinen Sedimentlagen zu erhalten, musste das Wasser zumindest in Bodenn\u00e4he sauerstoffarm (anoxisch) sein, damit dort keine Bodenorganismen leben und die Schichtung st\u00f6ren konnten. Um sie so deutlich sichtbar zu machen, mussten dann noch die Ablagerungen je nach Jahreszeit deutlich variieren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>F\u00fcr alle Teilnehmer ist es etwas ganz Besonderes, einen solchen vom Meer \u00fcberfluteten See mit laminierten Sedimenten zu entdecken. Mit ihrer Hilfe haben wir die seltene Gelegenheit, die Klima- und Umweltbedingungen in der Region zu rekonstruieren und sie mit steinzeitlichen Funden im Einzugsgebiet des Epidavros-Beckens in Verbindung zu bringen. So liegt hier unter anderem die bekannten Klisoura-H\u00f6hlen mit steinzeitlichen Funden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u039c\u0399\u0391 \u039b\u0399\u039c\u039d\u0397 \u03a3\u03a4\u039f \u0392\u03a5\u0398\u039f \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0398\u0391\u039b\u0391\u03a3\u03a3\u0391\u03a3<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c5\u03b8\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd 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\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03be\u03c5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae (\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03be\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2), \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0394\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 ( \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0.\u03c7 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ae\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u0391\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2) \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Written by CYRTACI participants Cecile Blanchet (GFZ Potsdam), Derya G\u00fcrer, Andreas Koutsodendris, Stelios Perrakis &amp; Rolf Eberhard Waldh\u00f6r (Heidelberg University).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geschrieben von den CYRTACI-Teilnehmern Cecile Blanchet (GFZ Potsdam), Derya G\u00fcrer, Andreas Koutsodendris, Stelios Perrakis &amp; Rolf Eberhard Waldh\u00f6r (Heidelberg University).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 CYRTACI: Cecile Blanchet (GFZ Potsdam), Derya G\u00fcrer, \u0391\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2, \u03a3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 &amp; Rolf Eberhard Waldh\u00f6r (\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03a7\u03b1\u03ca\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"7276\" height=\"3880\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/2023\/11\/2023-11-M195-Meteor-093.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73\" \/><figcaption><sub>M195 CYRTACI is targeting shallow marine near-coastal areas in the Aegean and Ionian Seas to recover sedimentary material from the present day seafloor. <br>M195 CYRTACI beprobt Sedimentmaterial vom heutigen Meeresboden in k\u00fcstennahen Gebieten der \u00c4g\u00e4is und des Ionischen Meeres. <br>H \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u039c195 CYRTACI \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c5\u03b8\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 <br>Credit: Ingmar Unkel \/ OceanBlogs<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1849\" height=\"1041\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/2023\/11\/20231114_104531.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-74\" \/><figcaption><sub>M195 CYRTACI participants are assembling equipment to core with a gravity corer. <br>M195 CYRTACI-Teilnehmer bauen die Ausr\u00fcstung f\u00fcr die Beprobung mit einem Schwerkraftbohrer zusammen. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u039c195 CYRTACI \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/sub><br><sub>Credit: Maike Glos \/ OceanBlogs<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3000\" height=\"4000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/2023\/11\/IMG_20231112_091232_Schlauchkern_Seesedimente_Kotthoff-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-76\" \/><figcaption><sub>Opening a sediment core that has finely laminated layers. Each layer takes us further back in time.<br>\u00d6ffnen eines Sedimentkerns, der fein geschichtete Schichten aufweist. Jede Schicht f\u00fchrt uns weiter zur\u00fcck in die Vergangenheit.<br>\u0386\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd.<br>Credit: Ulrich Kotthoff \/ OceanBlogs<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/2023\/11\/2023-11-M195-Meteor-076.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-78\" width=\"840\" height=\"840\" \/><figcaption><sub>Close-up of a finely laminated lake deposit. The research team will analyse and count the white and black layers to see whether these reflect seasonal changes. Nahaufnahme einer fein geschichteten Seeablagerung. <br>Das Forschungsteam wird die wei\u00dfen und schwarzen Schichten analysieren und z\u00e4hlen, um festzustellen, ob sie saisonale Ver\u00e4nderungen widerspiegeln. <br>\u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03bd\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2. <br>Credit: Ingmar Unkel \/ OceanBlogs<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1731\" height=\"1011\" src=\"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/98\/2023\/11\/PoseidonNaiaden03_Kotthoff-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-80\" \/><figcaption><sub>Credit: Ulrich Kotthoff \/ OceanBlogs<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In Greek mythology, Poseidon is ruling over the sea. Because the Greeks thought of the world&#8217;s waters as all one system he ruled over the global ocean. The Naiads (from the Greek \u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, &#8220;to flow,&#8221; and \u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1, &#8220;running water&#8221;) are the guardians of the freshwater lakes. The Naiads ask Poseidon to not flood their freshwater habitat with salty sea water. Based on our findings of this past week, we know how the story ends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In der griechischen Mythologie ist Poseidon der Herrscher \u00fcber das Meer. Da die Griechen die Gew\u00e4sser der Welt als ein einziges System betrachteten, herrschte er \u00fcber den globalen Ozean. Die Najaden (aus dem Griechischen \u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, &#8220;flie\u00dfen&#8221;, und \u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1, &#8220;flie\u00dfendes Wasser&#8221;) sind die Besch\u00fctzer der S\u00fc\u00dfwasserseen. Die Najaden bitten Poseidon, ihren S\u00fc\u00dfwasserlebensraum nicht mit salzigem Meerwasser zu \u00fcberfluten. Aufgrund unserer Erkenntnisse der letzten Woche wissen wir, wie die Geschichte endet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03ce\u03bd. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u0388\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc. \u039f\u03b9 \u039d\u03b1\u03ca\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd (=\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1 (= \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc) \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mud recovered from the seafloor preserves clues of past climates and environments. In special cases, the dance of the seasons has been locked into the sediments, and scientists can then reconstruct the seasonal cycles of past climates. This type of sedimentary layers is called varves, and the layers deposited year after year can be counted [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":253,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-at-sea"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/253"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68\/revisions\/85"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oceanblogs.org\/expedition-m195-cyrtaci\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}